Evolution

II. Evolution & Phylogeny

Evolutionary Trends

X-Philes

Increasing brain size (allometric cranial ontogeny) in land-vertebrates.

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https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150701701083

II.a. The Modern Synthesis

1.) Hereditary Variations
2.) Genes Mutate — New alleles
3.) Populational Process — allele frequencies
4.) Natural Selection can alter populations beyond the original range of variation by increasing the frequency of alleles that give rise to new phenotypes.
5.) Speciation is the origin of two or more species from a single common ancestor

II.a. How Evolution Works: Mechanisms for Change

Copy number variation and the secret of life - with Aoife McLysaght
Information, Evolution, and intelligent Design - With Daniel Dennett

II.a-1.) Mechanisms for Change: Mutation

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II.a-2.) Mechanisms for Change: Natural Selection

Natural selection is the primary guiding hand for evolutionary change. This was first recognized by Charles Darwin on his tour of the Galapagos Islands during his famouse voyage aboard HMS Beagle.

II.b. Genetic Relationships

Our Family Tree

II.b-1.) Prokaryotes versus Eukaryotes

Prokaryote evolution might not be describable according to the standard “tree” model (Bapteste et al.).

Part II